ABSTRACT
Framing a perspective via utopian theory and futurism, this chapter focuses on exemplars of extreme environmental design that emphasize interiority. Interiors beyond the conventional parameters of architecture encompass a broad range of speculative spatial strategies conceived for extreme conditions on Earth and in outer space. By the 1960s, the spatial autonomy of closed systems was embodied at scales ranging from metropolitan conurbations to room interiors. The chapter examines theoretical projections, cinematic visualizations, fantastical prototypes, and built forms that have promoted greater awareness of living in extreme environments. It considers the impact of the Space Age, social shifts, popular culture, film, and technological achievements that have expanded design discourse within the realm of hermetically-enclosed spaces. In the 1960s, utopian projects became increasingly achievable through spatial experiments on Earth, as well as speculative proposals and built environments conceived for outer space. Space Age and futurist design influences have continually impacted consumer products, fashion, cinematic culture, and interior environments.
