This chapter attempts to take a look at how Afghanistan remains a part of the dominant conflict in South Asia and how the neighbourhood is involved in Afghan affairs in one way or the other. It delves into the contemporary concerns of the South Asian states related to any aggravation of the security situation in Afghanistan and how this has the potential to spill over to the neighbouring state. Thus, Afghanistan, a country faced with immense traditional and non-traditional security threats, becomes a concern for states in South Asia, particularly for Pakistan and India and, to a certain extent, for Bangladesh. The chapter looks at both the traditional and non-traditional security issues in contemporary South Asia, inclusive of Afghanistan, and suggests that apart from cooperation in traditional security areas, regional cooperation on human security issues is absolutely essential. In the case of South Asia, conventional and non-conventional security challenges seem to be mutually replenish able.