ABSTRACT
Multiple intervention approaches have been developed and implemented in criminal justice settings around the world, to support substance-involved offenders to reduce, or possibly eliminate, their problematic use of alcohol and other substances. This chapter describes an intervention model based on computer-assisted therapy (CAT) approaches for substance misuse. Before discussing the burgeoning evidence for the effectiveness of this technology-enhanced treatment modality for addressing this key criminogenic risk factor, it begins with an overview and brief critique of the main interventions models that are dominant in the criminal justice sector. Contingency management (CM) approaches are rooted in the classical psychology theory of 'operant conditioning' and suggest that substance use is a result of environmental context, meaning that rewards and incentives can promote or deter substance use depending on the context of the situation. Drug treatment courts (DTCs) are specialised programmes which encourage individuals to receive treatment and decrease substance use through enforcement via the criminal justice system.
