ABSTRACT
In-situ, or cast-in-place (CIP) walls may be formed in fabric sheets in various ways. As vertical moulds, they can develop considerable hydrostatic pressures, particularly at the bottom of the formwork (see Figure 8.1, p. 137), so wall moulds always involve some system and pattern of horizontal restraints to limit the outward bulging of the formwork fabric. Formwork strategies for these restraints range from complete rigid control, to minimal point restraints. By combining areas of rigid restraint with areas of free tension deflection, a very wide range of new design possibilities exists. Curved walls are also easily formed using fabric moulds.
