ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the philosophical debate over the role of Satan, if any, in the causal structure of natural evil. Even William Rowe, considered the dean of advocates of the problem of evil, called Plantinga's offering "a fairly compelling argument for the view that the existence of evil is logically consistent with the existence of the theistic God". Plantinga offers an original and quite striking response to logical argument from natural evil (LANE). He agrees that all evil is moral evil, but then suggests that the evil perceived as natural evil may be the result not of human free actions but of the free actions of supernatural beings like "Satan and his cohorts", to use Plantinga's exact words. By reducing natural evil to a special case of moral evil, Johnson reasons, Plantinga does not solve the problem of natural evil at all as the claim that genuine natural evil is incompatible with the existence of God.
