The effects of treatment exposure on prison misconduct for female prisoners with substance use, mental health, and co-occurring disorders: Kimberly A. Houser, Brandy L. Blasko and Steven Belenko

Although women comprise a smaller proportion of the overall correctional population, their average annual population growth rate between 2000 and 2010 was higher than that of their male counterparts (1.7% vs. 1.3%, respectively). More than 111,000 women are under the supervision of correctional authorities in the United States (Carson & Sabol, 2012). Many of the women have mental health concerns, substance use disorders, or co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders (COD) (Bloom, Owen, Covington, & Raeder, 2003; Hills, 2004; James & Glaze, 2006; Jordan, Schlenger, Fairbank, & Cadell, 1996; Mumola & Karberg, 2006).