ABSTRACT
The motor vehicle industry is an important consumer of metals. In the United States since 1960, this industry—which produces passenger cars, trucks, and buses—has consumed approximately one-tenth of the aluminum and copper, one-fifth of the steel, one-third of the zinc, and one-half of the lead and malleable iron (see table 6-1). The motor vehicle industry is also an important consumer of metals in the other countries that produce large numbers of vehicles. Among the countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), these producers include Japan, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Canada, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom. The Soviet Union is the most important producer of motor vehicles among the centrally planned economies; among the developing countries, Brazil, Mexico, and South Korea are important producers (see table 6-2). Share of the Motor Vehicle Industry in Total U.S. Consumption of Selected Metals, 1960–1987 (percent)
|
Metal |
1960 |
1970 |
1980 |
1987 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Aluminum |
11 |
8 |
11 |
16 |
|
Copper |
6 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
|
Iron (malleable) |
70 |
41 |
46 |
43 |
|
Lead |
47 |
n.a. |
59 |
55 |
|
Steel |
21 |
16 |
15 |
15 |
|
Zinc |
35 |
29 |
27 |
30 a |
1986 data.
World Production of Motor Vehicles, 1960–1988|
1960 |
1970 |
1980 |
1988 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Group and countries |
No. of vehicles (thousands) |
Percentage |
No. of vehicles (thousands) |
Percentage |
No. of vehicles (thousands) |
Percentage |
No. of vehicles (thousands) |
Percentage |
|
OECD countries |
||||||||
|
Canada |
398 |
2.4 |
1,160 |
3.9 |
1,374 |
3.5 |
1,960 |
4.0 |
|
Germany, Federal Republic of |
2,055 |
12.5 |
3,842 |
12.9 |
3,879 |
10.0 |
4,625 |
9.5 |
|
France |
1,369 |
8.4 |
2,750 |
9.3 |
3,378 |
8.7 |
3,698 |
7.6 |
|
Italy |
645 |
3.9 |
1,854 |
6.2 |
1,612 |
4.2 |
2,111 |
4.3 |
|
Japan |
482 |
2.9 |
5,289 |
17.8 |
11,043 |
28.4 |
12,700 |
26.1 |
|
Spain |
58 |
0.4 |
536 |
1.8 |
1,182 |
3.0 |
1,866 |
3.8 |
|
United Kingdom |
1,811 |
11.1 |
2,098 |
7.1 |
1,313 |
3.4 |
1,545 |
3.2 |
|
United States |
7,905 |
48.3 |
8,284 |
27.9 |
8,010 |
20.6 |
11,262 |
23.2 |
|
Other OECD |
606 |
3.7 |
1,438 |
4.8 |
1,475 |
3.8 |
1,343 |
2.8 |
|
Total OECD |
15,329 |
93.6 |
27,251 |
91.7 |
33,266 |
85.7 |
41,110 |
84.6 |
|
Centrally planned economies (CPE) |
||||||||
|
USSR |
524 |
3.2 |
916 |
3.1 |
2,199 |
5.7 |
2,180 |
4.5 |
|
Other CPE |
191 |
1.2 |
449 |
1.5 |
894 |
2.3 |
1,895 |
3.9 |
|
Total CPE |
715 |
4.4 |
1,365 |
4.6 |
3,093 |
8.0 |
4,075 |
8.4 |
|
Developing countries |
||||||||
|
Brazil |
133 |
0.8 |
416 |
1.4 |
1,165 |
3.0 |
1,069 |
2.2 |
|
Mexico |
50 |
0.3 |
193 |
0.6 |
490 |
1.3 |
512 |
1.1 |
|
South Korea |
0 |
0.0 |
28 |
0.1 |
123 |
0.3 |
1,084 |
2.2 |
|
Other developing countries |
156 |
1.0 |
455 |
1.5 |
734 |
1.9 |
766 |
1.6 |
|
Total developing countries |
339 |
2.1 |
1,092 |
3.7 |
2,512 |
6.5 |
3,431 |
7.1 |
|
WORLD TOTAL |
16,383 |
100.0 |
29,708 |
100.0 |
38,838 |
100.0 |
48,616 |
100.0 |
