ABSTRACT
In the early 2010s, citizens started banding together and doing something new. They received data from local governments and created new digital interfaces for their fellow citizens to access that data. This chapter explains how this phenomenon known as civic hacking became possible, how it can be fostered, and what it might mean for the future of public administration. Civic hacking would be difficult without recent technological developments in cloud computing and database capabilities. Cloud computing became readily available to the public in 2010. Civic hacking would not be economically feasible without the advancements in cloud computing. The open data policy shift by government makes the work of civic hackers easier by providing access to data. The term data science was first used in 2008 by D. J. Patil and Jeff Hammerbacher to describe the data analytics work they were each doing at LinkedIn and Facebook respectively.
