ABSTRACT
Ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction (Eco-DRR) and ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) are increasingly recognized as effective approaches to reducing disaster risk, including supporting adaptation, through the sustainable use, conservation and restoration of ecosystems as natural buffers to hazards. One of the reasons for the increased interest and mainstreaming of ecosystem-based approaches is that they are often applied to both DRR and climate change adaptation (CCA). Ecosystems and ecosystem services are central to the discussion of DRR and CCA. Bridging the gap between DRR and CCA at the local level, understanding how EbA, Eco-DRR and hybrid Eco-DRR/EbA projects have been and are being undertaken, can facilitate improved DRR-CCA integration in practice, as well as in policy and institutional contexts. Eco-DRR and EbA projects were analysed according to each phase of the project implementation cycle: defining aims of the project; conducting risk and vulnerability assessments; project implementation: methods, approaches, tools; and monitoring and evaluation.
