ABSTRACT
The first woman to practice as an apothecary during the colonial era was Elizabeth Gooking Greenleaf. She was born in Boston to a prominent colonial family, and in 1699 married Daniel. Only the boldest people ventured forth from Europe into the New World. During the war for independence, new institutions such as the Continental Congress would define a new medical establishment for the United States that was based upon European models, but would be operated in a uniquely American way. For pharmacy, it meant an opportunity to be recognized as a separate and important part of medical establishment. The Lititz Pharmacopoeia borrowed from its European predecessors, but proudly included indigenous botanicals in its formulary. The Marshall family and Andrew Craigie's Elaboratory showed that large scale manufacturing of pharmaceuticals had a place in the United States, as old as the new Republic itself. With the success of the American Revolution, American pharmacy is born.
