ABSTRACT
This chapter draws together the observations made by the authors united in this volume about the causes of the regions resource nationalisms within the broad categories of limited, moderate and radical. It examines the diverse policy choices that are included within these resource nationalisms. The chapter addresses the causes of the variation in resource nationalism, by organizing the factors identified by the thematic and country specialists as variables, which at low values constrain, and at high values constitute opportunities for resource nationalism. It shows that the variation in resource nationalisms in the region is indeed explained by these international, industry and national-level variables. The limited resource nationalisms of Colombia and Mexico face more constraints than opportunities, while the converse is true for the radical cases of Bolivia and Venezuela. The chapter analyses to identify a series of factors that, depending on their values, can constitute either constraints or opportunities for resource nationalism.
