ABSTRACT
This chapter critically reflects broader and deeper context within which the multi-faceted challenge of realising an Indian Ocean Energy Community could possibly be placed and approached on the evolving Indian Ocean research agenda. It argues that the context is being constituted by the fundamental incompatibility and growing conflict between two paradigms of securing growing energy needs of humankind. The first, and the dominant, paradigm is marked by neoliberal geopolitics which provides a pseudo-scientific rationale to unilateral assertions by the one and only superpower to securitise energy supplies. The second, relatively marginalised, paradigm aims at ensuring energy security from below; reflecting a mindset that upholds the principles of comprehensive security and shows due regard for human rights, gender justice and ecological sustainability. The Indian Ocean Energy Community has its work cut out for it with hundreds of millions lacking access to electricity, and equally large number of people still relying on traditional biomass fuels.
