ABSTRACT
Jews had long been treated as inferior citizens in Russia and other parts of Europe. The first large-scale, organized riots targeting Jews occurred in Odessa, a city in southern Ukraine, in 1821. Additional riots followed in 1859 and 1871.
Jews had long been treated as inferior citizens in Russia and other parts of Europe. The first large-scale, organized riots targeting Jews occurred in Odessa, a city in southern Ukraine, in 1821. Additional riots followed in 1859 and 1871.