ABSTRACT
The Ottomans responded by deporting, displacing, or massacring anywhere from several hundred thousand to more than 1 million Armenians between 1915 and 1917; this is known as the Armenian genocide.
In 1920, Armenian nationalist hopes were thwarted by defeat in the Turkish-Armenian war as well as by an invasion by the Soviet Union. The Armenian population was split among several Soviet republics including the Soviet Republic of Armenia. It was only in 1991 that Armenia achieved independence as the first non-Baltic state to secede from the Soviet Union. In the years since, armed conflict with Azerbaijan and the continued repression of Armenian nationalism within Turkey have prevented the Armenians from officially reclaiming all the territory they once occupied.
