ABSTRACT
Organization of African Unity (now the African Union) was formed, with thirty-two nations agreeing to work cooperatively toward common goals while maintaining political independence.
The civil rights and black power movements in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s were influenced by the idea of Pan-Africanism, as many African American leaders identified their quest with the struggle against colonialism in Africa. In fact, Malcolm X, leader of the Black Muslim group known as the Nation of Islam, traveled through Africa in 1964 proclaiming that American blacks could never be free as long as Africa was not free.
