ABSTRACT
The prototypical transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) device contains a current-generating component, wires that carry the current and electrodes that act as a conductive interface between the wires and the scalp. This chapter discusses the three cardinal concerns—authenticity, peer pressure, and distributive justice—have garnered less attention than worries over safety. It provides initial information about the practices and motivations of home users. In both the United States and Europe, products intended for use in the treatment or diagnosis of disease or other medical conditions are considered medical devices. The ethical landscape of the home use of tDCS is in many ways similar to the well-developed literature on the use of pharmacological agents for cognitive enhancement. The most important determinant of the consumer tDCS market will likely be decisions from regulatory authorities. Even if the Food and Drug Administration elects not to enforce regulations against consumer tDCS devices, other regulatory agencies with jurisdiction over these products may take action.
