T heories and research agendas in social psychology are often inspired by major political changes. The desire for effective propaganda in World War II begat research on persuasion (Hovland, Janis, & Kelley, 1953 ). The near-victories of fascism in the twentieth century inspired research on obedience (Milgram, 1974 ) and authoritarianism (Adorno, Frenkel-Brunswik, Levinson, & Sanford, 1950 ). African-Americans’ rejection of racial subordination prompted research on racism (Pettigrew, 1993 ). The ascendance of feminism invited research on sexism (Glick & Fiske, 1996 ). However, there appears to be little social-psychological research on other major, interlinked global political changes such as the end of near-global European-U.S. direct colonization, and the depolarization of the world from the “Great Powers” of the U.S.S.R. and the U.S. Yet decolonization and depolarization have features not addressed by prevalent theories of inequality and intergroup relations. The fi rst simple one is that decolonization, devolution, and depolarization have disrupted and reduced intergroup dominance at the interstate and national levels. Theories that purport to explain only why people capitulate to authority (Adorno et al., 1950 ), or how they justify inequality (Jost, Banaji, & Nosek, 2004 ), or how group-hegemony is self-stabilizing (Sidanius & Pratto, 1999 ), are poorly equipped to address these phenomena (see Pratto, Stewart, & Bou Zeineddine, 2013 ).