ABSTRACT
Given the vast continent of alternative media objectives and formats, it is unsurprising that conceptualising them has taken very different forms. The multidimensionality of ‘alternative media’ is indicated (Downing, 2011, 2014) by the pullulating terms in use – not only ‘alternative’ media, but ‘counter-information’ media, ‘tactical’ media, ‘social movement’ media, ‘community’ media, ‘citizens’ media, ‘independent’ media, and still others. This multiplicity does not evince intellectual confusion, but rather the ineluctably Protean media practices and purposes under our lens.
