ABSTRACT
This chapter provides a general assessment of access to education and achievement levels across the different circumpolar regions. It presents a review of related literature, which includes a summary of recent cross comparative statistical analysis, as well as the methodological and conceptual frameworks used to collect and make sense of the data. Two prominent theories undergirding much of the literature include human capital theory and social constructivism. The chapter focuses on key themes, trends, and challenges associated with formal education in the Arctic, as well as to offer different ways of conceptualizing education and knowledge. Educational achievement, which is measured by graduation rates and highest levels of schooling, varies according to three demographic variables: population size, ethnicity and gender. The link between education and jobs can be clearly seen in vocational education and training programmes developed for northern aboriginal people in response to labour markets.
