ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the increasing proportions of the women coaching in the men's sports. Tokenism, marginalization and homologous reproduction are three related concepts used in the original occupational sex segregation work of Kanter that are often applied to studying the lack of women coaches in general and are particularly relevant for examination of women coaches of men's sports. According to research on interscholastic sports, athletic directors who are male are more likely to hire male coaches who resemble themselves and are within their social networks. Institutionalization is a conceptual framework that posits over time, ideologies and stereotypes can become entrenched within an institution and form norms and unwritten rules for the way that an institution should function. Homologous reproduction is the idea that people favor those who most resemble them. It originates from Kanter's seminal work, which suggested opportunity, power, and proportion may influence the lack of women in organizations.
