ABSTRACT

It is also worth highlighting that a large section of ‘marginal and small farmers’ in India also derive varying degrees of income from selling their labour in multiple activities and so therefore establishing a neat boundary between different economic identities is tricky, both conceptually and for difficulties in measurement. However, given India’s caste and class hierarchy, doing manual labour for other people is at the bottom of the work-ladder; hence, anyone who relies on this last-resort option for any length of time ought to be considered a manual wage worker.