ABSTRACT
This chapter examines what constitutes evidence for level 1 visual perspective (VPT!) taking in nonhuman primates. It presents two versions of the experience-projection task that complementary behavior reading (CBR) theorists cite as the most promising way forward for visual perspective taking research. The CBR theorists go on to maintain that the appropriate experiments to conduct are "experience projection tasks." The original experience-projection task proposed by C. M. Heyes, then, can be solved using complementary behavior reading alone and thus does not constitute a test for visual perspective taking in nonhuman animals according to the criteria advanced by the critics. The chapter argues that both versions of this task fail to eliminate alternative behavior-reading explanations. It argues that it is impossible to eliminate all behavior-reading alternative explanations of mindreading experiments. The reason for this is similar to Carl Hempel's well-known "theoretician's dilemma."
