The twenty-first century is often invoked as a period of greater sexual freedom, with restraint and traditionalism partitioned to the past. The new rights accorded to LGBTQ groups and women have cemented such a perception. But whilst some theorists (e.g. Weeks 2007) remain optimistic about the step-changes that have occurred, others proceed more cautiously, instead focusing on the regulatory mechanisms remaining (Jackson and Scott 2004; Klesse 2007). Religious young adults are perceived as something of an oxymoron in this environment, seemingly unable to participate in these new liberatory sexualities because religion is often inscribed with traditionalism and religious (un)freedom.