Abstract Segregation based on income differences is central to this chapter. We aim to understand the most recent (2004-2011) socio-economic segregation process in (metropolitan) Amsterdam, while connecting it to the changing Dutch welfare regime, which from around 1990 is moving in a liberal direction. The social rented sector and the ‘regulated’ parts of the private sector are under pressure, while owner-occupancy is growing. Social housing is increasingly accommodating only those who have a very low income. Since housing is not spatially distributed in an even way, this affects the level of socio-economic segregation.