ABSTRACT
Meteorologists are most interested in understanding how energy in the form of radiation and heat influences the urban climate and how this energy is transported, transformed and stored. Enhanced mechanical and thermal turbulence in cities change the wind field and induce perturbed streamlines which have an influence on micro- to local-scale transport processes. The anthropogenic heat flux (QF) derives mainly from combustion exhausts by stationary and mobile sources. One elementary and widely used method to derive the vertical exchange of energy and mass as part of an air volume, the Eddy Covariance (EC) method, is presented, since the method was mainly used in the BRIDGE project. The rate and magnitude of runoff are regulated by the rate of precipitation, soil moisture content, land surface properties, local topography and the design of the drainage system infrastructure. Spatiotemporal adequately resolved data is available so that e.g. fuel consumption has to be scaled down from city to neighbourhood or building scale.
