ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on railway reform in Europe, as the continent where the most significant and comprehensive policy and regulatory efforts have been undertaken over the past 25 years. Indeed, Europe is not only the ‘continent of the railways’ (as opposed to North America, for example) but also the only place in which deliberate policy efforts to revive railways have been undertaken. The driver for such profound railway reform covering the entire continent is clearly the European Commission (EC).
