ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses three different opportunities for addressing cultural difference: first, by reverting to policies for assimilation; second, strengthening the idea of multiculturalism within an integrationist framework; and finally a version of cosmopolitanism that is rooted in everyday life and values ethno-religious diversity. It also explores how these three trajectories can be manifested in practice, and investigates the appeal and difficulties of each trajectory. The chapter draws on research into the approaches to, and policies concerning, relations with ethnic minorities at the local government level by juxtaposing findings in predominantly white suburban areas in Australia and UK that are becoming ethnically diverse. The data in this study is derived from surveys conducted in 2009-2010 among residents in the city of Whittlesea, Melbourne, Australia and the city of Sheffield, United Kingdom. Hence the survey results provide an insight into attitudes towards diversity in places where members of the 'host' society and minority ethnic/ethno-religious groups live together.
