ABSTRACT

Corruption is known for its many faces. It can also take various forms and meanings. Some term it a “tax on economic growth” and nobody knows for certain how much it is worth, but a conservative approach based on worldwide surveys of enterprises and other governance and anti-corruption diagnostic surveys, gives an estimate for annual worldwide bribery at about US $1 trillion dollars. 1 This figure does not cover every form of corruption, such as the global extent of embezzlement in the public sector, 2 which means that a more comprehensive estimate of worldwide corruption would be even higher.