ABSTRACT
The animal learning establishment had long maintained that once the discriminability of a particular cue or the effectiveness of a particular reinforce had been discovered in one situation, these properties of the stimuli would hold in other situations. The consummator response became classically conditioned to prevailing stimuli and its occurrence provided incentive motivation for instrumental behavior. This chapter reviews the mounting problems for the S-R paradigm. The S-R paradigm was rather revolutionary itself when it was first introduced into animal psychology. The hypothetical S-R association is assumed to correspond to the empirical relationship between stimulus and response. Hullian's solution to the problem of motivation was to introduce a new kind of psychological construct, drive (D), which was given a variety of special properties. From the cognitive viewpoint a Pavlovian procedure is one in which there is a fixed relationship between CS and US that may gradually become appreciated by the animal.
