ABSTRACT
The energy issue is always an important factor in sustainable housing developments. More than 30 per cent of primary energy is consumed by civil buildings, including houses, offices, schools, hospitals, etc. Throughout human history, housing has been a major problem. Sweden has solved the basic problem on the whole. With the Swedish government’s 1967 housing programme called One Million Apartments, to be constructed over 10 years, 100,000 apartments were built before 1971, when the programme was terminated. Many different objectives are interlaced, for instance technical objectives concerning durability and energy efficiency, social objectives concerning attractive views of water and internal communications, practical objectives concerning efficient use of space, and economic and aesthetic objectives.
