ABSTRACT
Two of the most widely–used paradigms in memory research examine the ability of participants to study lists of words and subsequently recall them. In the free recall paradigm, participants may recall the studied items from a list in whatever order they choose. In the serial recall paradigm, however, participants are instructed to recall the items from a list in the presented order. In addition to di ering in recall instruction, free and serial recall tasks di er in item presentation order across trials of the same list, which typically varies from trial to trial in free recall and remains constant across trials in serial recall.
