ABSTRACT
The existence of sex biases favoring men have been amply documented across both centuries and cultures (cf. Broverman, Vogel, Broverman, Clarkson, & Rosenkrantz, 1982; Fernberger, 1948; McKee & Sherrifs, 1959; Rosaldo & Lamphere, 1974; Steinman & Fox, 1966). More importantly, the existence of sex biases have been found to affect differentially the outcomes received by women and men in a variety of laboratory settings (cf. Deaux & Emswiller, 1974; Feldman-Summers & Kiesler, 1974; Heilman & Guzzo, 1978; Kahn, O'Leary, Lamm, & Krulewitz, 1980; Rosen & Jerdee, 1974a, b; Unger, 1979), in the economic marketplace (cf. Brown, 1979; Kanter, 1977; O'Leary, 1974; Terborg, 1977), and in clinical practice (Abramowitz & Dokecki, 1977).
