Introduction

Efforts to distinguish psychoanalysis from psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy emerged almost at the beginning of the psychoanalytic movement and continue to the present. The near synonymous use of “psychoanalysis” with “psychoanalytic therapy” and “psychoanalytic therapy” with “psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy” have been decried in the writings of Fromm- Reichman (1959), Waelder (1960), and others. Efforts at the differentiation of psychoanalysis from psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy and of conceptual and methodological differences have continued to concern writers in the field.