ABSTRACT
The problems inherent in supervision were already sensed by Hanns Sachs, the first training analyst, when the Berlin Institute, the first training institute, was set up in 1920. The issue he saw was one of education versus indoctrination. He wrote:
The future analyst must learn to see things which other people easily, willingly and permanently overlook, and must be in a position to maintain this capacity to observe, even when it is in sharpest contradiction to his own wishes and feelings … As one sees, analysis requires something which corresponds to the novitiate of the church. (Fenichel, 1920,p. 73)
