ABSTRACT
This chapter reviews research on computerized automated psychotherapy, computer-mediated therapy, and computer-created virtual realities for therapy. It focuses on the ability of computer technology to support a therapeutic alliance. Psychotherapy must rank high, perhaps just after motherhood and friendship, on the list of domains least likely to be taken over by machines. Almost every major psychological assessment instrument, from tests of vocational interest to projective personality tests, has a computerized administration format. Although psychological tests are frequently used for many kinds of clinical assessment, the clinical interview is still the cornerstone of most psychological diagnosis. Probably the most widespread use of computerized counseling has been in the realm of vocational advice. These programs assess individual's aptitudes, skills, and attitudes and provide advice about appropriate career choices. The introduction of self-help support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous, encounter groups, and professionally led therapy groups sparked its own debate decades ago.
