ABSTRACT
This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on key concepts discussed in the preceding chapters of this book. The book looks into major changes in and surrounding the north in a historical perspective, from the human urge to discover and explore, through exploitation, expansionism and annexation, to the significant strategic role it played and the military build-up that took place during the Cold War. It shown great expectations and visions of an economically thriving Arctic are not new. The book explored the Arctic interests and policies of Arctic and non-Arctic states. It also explored the main characteristics of governance in the Arctic, and how institutions and regimes can promote stability and security in the region. The book outlined the security challenges in the Arctic by analysing the extent to which Arctic states are militarizing the region. It assesses the current state of Arctic affairs based on the findings of the contributors.
