This chapter presents the welfare and migration regimes for the UK and addresses the impact that these have on the lives of older migrants in terms of access to Long Term Care (LTC) and social exclusion. The challenges facing LTC systems in modern welfare states are seen by many as posing the biggest threat to welfare systems. The marketisation of LTC could also have implications for older migrants. The chapter discusses the socio-demographic processes behind ageing and migration, highlighting that both are shaped by macro-social forces. It summarizes key historical and contemporary landmarks, highlighting UK migrant's profiles and settlement patterns. International migration has transformed the demographics and ethnicity of ageing populations worldwide and poses questions about who older migrants are, and how their care needs can be met. Non-European Labour Migrants (NELM) and retirement migrants are the two categories of older migrants in Europe which are ageing the most rapidly.