ABSTRACT
This chapter outlines an integrative discourse processing model for the analysis of instances of misunderstanding. A small number of authentic institutional and interpersonal dyadic interactions triangulated with interactants' subjective theories were analysed on the basis of this model. It shows that an emotional reaction is often the major factor responsible for a deterioration of rapport and for the mutual attribution of negative personal traits which, in turn, effectively prevents any recognition of real differences in cultural values and norms. Speakers' illusion of being in control of the interaction is then only disrupted by misunderstandings, with which reality suddenly and forcefully intrudes. Cognitive models set up to predict and explain processes involved in discourse comprehension and production are therefore particularly relevant for explaining processes of misunderstanding. The chapter suggests that intercultural university encounters may be fruitfully analysed on the basis of a cognitive discourse processing model, which integrates different approaches in a transdisciplinary manner.
