ABSTRACT
In November 1999, Mel Lastman, then mayor of Toronto, suggested that Toronto should become the eleventh province of Canada. In Canada the source of authority of a municipality is either their provincial municipal act or their municipal charter. Recent reforms to municipal acts in Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, and Ontario have empowered municipalities by recognizing them as natural persons. The scope and extent of international activity pursued by provincial capitals and large urban municipalities vary depending on their size. Most provincial capitals declare having limited relations regarding their international activities with either provincial or federal government officials. Moreover, the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) has on occasion had to depend on the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) for the implementation of a part of its international cooperation programs related to urban or municipal issues. Municipal members of the FCM will partner with Haitian counterparts to provide advice and training best practices in order to reestablish basic administrative capacity.
