ABSTRACT
This conceptual paper explores the potential consanguinity between supervisory expectations and self-efficacy. Enhanced performance resulting from the positive expectations of others-commonly referred to as the Pygmalion effect-has been studied in a managerial context with the goal of increasing organizational effectiveness. The Golem effect is the result of less-than-desirable performance that results from expressed negative expectations. Unlike the Pygmalion effect, however, the Golem effect has received little empirical attention. Pygmalion and Golem serve as attingent vectors with each resulting from the corresponding supervisory expectations; both portend considerable application to foodservice management particularly in the multiunit foodservice arena wherein the role of manager as motivator is key. Similar to this social-expectancy construct, self-efficacy theory is relevant to many aspects of human-resource management-particularly managerial motivation-and organizational behavior. The construct offers utility given its application as an antecedent and potential predictor of performance. While these constructs have been explored, the relationship between supervisory expectations and subordinates’ self-efficacy has been largely ignored in terms of empirical work 264that explores more than just their mediating effects. Moreover, recent research indicates this relationship may be moderated by variables related to the subordinate. Following a literature review, this paper draws a theoretical link between supervisory expectations and self-efficacy. It concludes with a research agenda that advocates the exploration of potential psychometrics related to the constructs as well as a rigorous research design. [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service: 1-800-HAWORTH. E-mail address: <getinfo@haworthpressinc.com> Website: <https://www.HaworthPress.com" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">https://www.HaworthPress.com> © 2001 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.]
