ABSTRACT
One approach has been to look for ways that the labor movement can transform itself and become a different type of institution than it has been in the past. Unions are urged to become more inclusive and socially active crusaders for working-class interests in a broader sense, not merely bargainers for the economic interests of their own particular members. In short, unions are asked to transform themselves from bargaining bureaucracies primarily engaging in “business unionism” to social movement organizations leading struggles at the workplace and to some degree in the community. They are urged to transform themselves into “social movement unions” (Nissen, 2003; Turner & Hurd, 2001). A variety of other terms and related analyses have also appeared recently regarding this type of unionism, including “community unionism,” “social justice unionism,” and “citizenship movement unionism.”
