ABSTRACT
Discussion of the various aspects of relations between the military and society in Israel has been widespread in social and political science research for many years. The changing character of these relations and, in particular, the weakening of the nation's army reserve, has attracted special attention. The outbreak of terror during the Al-Aqsa Intifada since 2000 has forced Israel to issue immediate draft orders for the first time in almost two decades. The notion of a 'nation-in-arms' is exemplified in Israel by universal conscription for both men and women, with appropriate exemptions accorded to minorities and certain religious sectors of the majority Jewish population. In order to assess the various motivations for service, telephone interviews were conducted with 503 Israeli reservists. The military establishment must work much harder if it wishes to maintain the loyalty of citizens serving in its forces.
