The majority of athletes will experience some form of negative aff ect or low mood following an unfavorable event in competitive sport or in daily life. However, this is not depression. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), as defi ned with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), features a profound shift in mood and motivation that is more likely to occur accompanying a major setback (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Craighead, Cheets, Brosse, & Ilardi, 2007; Davis et al., 2008).