ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the European security practices and policies in the Mediterranean. European originating notions and practices of citizenship were adopted and adapted in different parts of the world, not as part of a developmental continuum but as part of struggles for and against modern imperialism. Specific aspects of European security practices in the Mediterranean suggest the temporalizing of in/security, whereby Europe's external and internal others are relegated to the past and security policies toward them designed accordingly. The very being of immigrant citizens of Southern Mediterranean origin is increasingly securitized. Not only immigrants and asylum-seekers but citizens of some Southern Mediterranean countries are in/secured through North-South security cooperation. Temporalizing security in Euro-Mediterranean relations has meant designing different security policies toward different categories of citizens: our citizens versus their citizens. As Hindess argues, governance of citizenship has rested on assumptions of temporalizing difference and spatializing time.
