ABSTRACT
Resilience in agriculture is essential for the long-term sustainability of crop production. Ecologically, agricultural resilience leads to a more stable, functioning agricultural system that ensures production, food security, and environmental cycling. Global environmental changes, such as land use changes, economic pressures, and shifting dietary patterns are affecting many of the parameters in which agriculture has been managed. Many managed ecosystems, including agriculture, often fail to respond smoothly to external changes and pressures, leading to greater research on ecological regime shifts, thresholds, and resilience. Questions of increasing resilience in agricultural systems may depend heavily on the biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of the system. Climate change will affect both biotic and abiotic factors in crop systems, threatening crop sustainability and production. In agricultural systems, as in natural ecosystems, herbivorous insects can have significant impacts on plant productivity. Losses caused by pathogens can contribute significantly to declines in crop production.
