ABSTRACT
The Charismatic, Ideological, and Pragmatic (CIP) theory of leadership has demonstrated substantial utility as a modern framework for understanding how leaders think, behave, and influence followers. In this chapter, we reflect on the body of work on this theory and identify the key areas of strengths to preserve in future iterations of the theory, as well as potential areas for revision and extension. Through this reflection, we offer a revised framework for CIP theory that incorporates several new elements, including greater detail on individual differences such as personality and gender, as well as extensions on how each leadership pathway uniquely results in multi-level outcomes. Areas for future research and limitations of the proposed framework are discussed.
