ABSTRACT

This chapter examines, in light of the three gunsei principles and hasty Japanese planning for war, how Japan controlled and managed Singapore and the effect of Japanese policies on the city’s economy and people. From the outset, Singaporeans suffered serious deprivation and hardship. As occupation continued, and until Japan’s 15 August 1945 surrender, unremitting deterioration in Japan’s Pacific War military fortunes added greatly to the burdens occupation imposed.