ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses some aspects of the historical framework applied to the development of the Brazilian economy. It addresses major obstacles to the process followed over time, especially since the 1930s, when several initiatives to promote the country’s industrialization started. The chapter presents the evolution of Brazilian agriculture in the 1930-2017 period, highlighting some of its links to industry and to the economy as a whole. Throughout the nineteenth century, the industrial revolution expanded its social and economic impact, particularly in Europe. Agriculture, despite registering a significant spatial expansion, faced several challenges in keeping up with the rapidly growing demand due to urbanization and industrialization. The 2006 Agricultural Census shows the severity of income concentration in agriculture. The performance of Brazilian agriculture has proved to be a successful story, but problems of major importance have yet to be solved.
