ABSTRACT
Questions of international competitiveness in an economic era of static or decreasing budgets, allied to political philosophies of customer satisfaction, and tied in with educational issues of professional performance, have all combined to make 'quality' one of the keywords of the 1990s. Education, through the use of total quality control and company-wide quality control, seems to fit much more comfortably into O. L. Davis conception. If total quality management extends the notion of customer to develop notions of internal and external customers, translation of the term from a business to an educational context raises other issues. Both 'empowerment' and 'participation' are key words in the total quality management lexicon, and ones which at first sight have great promise for education. S. Murgatroyd and A. W. Morgan suggested that basic empowerment begins when the vision and goals have already been set by the school leaders.
