ABSTRACT
This chapter takes an intersectional perspective to understand the process of gendered racialization, with a particular focus on immigrant subjects. The chapter first outlines the conceptual integration of intersectional theory and theories of racialization to articulate the meaning of gendered racializations. It then hones in on sites in which gendered racializations are made visible, including veil wearing, the securitization of borders and other public spaces, as well as educational achievement and labor market participation. Second, the literature on intersectional discrimination shows one dimension of the impact of gendered racialization in these sites. Third, both gender equality and LGBTQ rights have become tropes fostering gendered racialization of immigrant communities in contemporary European and North American contexts. The literature illustrates how these tropes are used to simultaneously reinforce a distinction between those labeled immigrants and “native” populations, while downplaying continuous concerns regarding the limited achievement of gender equality and LGBTQ rights within immigrant-receiving nation-states. I discuss the effects that this gendered racialization has, focusing on the rise of contemporary populism and right-wing nationalism, “homonationalism” (Puar 2013) and “femonationalism” (Farris 2017), and European “anti-gender” movements. This last section also discusses instances of feminist and LGBTQ movements’ complicity in these processes.
